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Ventilator pattern lesson

Expiratory-time concepts — case discussion

Fictional cue set: Reduce the amount of gas delivered per minute and shorten inspiration so exhalation can finish.

Common adjustments

  • Response option to discuss: Lower RR.
  • Shorten inspiratory time; in volume control, increasing inspiratory flow shortens Ti.
  • Response option to discuss: Reduce VT when appropriate.
  • Response option to discuss: Use a square flow pattern when it helps shorten Ti in volume control.
  • Response option to discuss: Treat bronchospasm and clear tube/circuit obstruction.

Reassess

  • Flow returns to zero before the next breath.
  • Blood pressure, EtCO₂, gas exchange, delivered VT, and patient-ventilator synchrony.

Evidence and use limits

Last reviewed: 2026-07-17. Designed for: emergency medicine learners, clinicians, EMS, RT, and airway educators.

This fictional ventilator discussion supports pattern-recognition teaching. It does not select settings or recommend a time-critical action. Verify current evidence, equipment instructions, and local policy before clinical application.

About this resource
Created by: Andrew Pirotte, MD; Kyle Brown, MD; Reba Hodge, MD; Amanda Vanderwerf, PharmD, BCEMP; Morgan Kimball, PharmD, BCEMP; Joshua Mohess Clinical review: Emergency medicine faculty review completed. Medication content reviewed by Amanda Vanderwerf, PharmD, BCEMP, and Morgan Kimball, PharmD, BCEMP. Last source review: 2026-08-06 Next scheduled review: 2027-02-06 Designed for: EM residents, emergency physicians, EMS clinicians, airway educators, and simulation faculty Important: Education and source review only; no patient-specific or time-critical recommendations. Independently verify current evidence and local policy. Website contact: kybrown@kumc.edu